Many people throw away food based on confusing expiration labels like “Best By” or “Sell By.” Experts say these labels often indicate freshness, not safety. California is addressing this by requiring two standardized labels for quality and safety. A 2019 study found over 80% of consumers discard food near the date on the label. Foods like canned goods and dry items can last beyond these dates. The only federally required expiration date is for infant formula, which should not be consumed past its date because of a decline in nutrients. In general, people should use their own judgment and look for signs like mold, strange odors and unusual colors to decide whether or not to toss out food.